Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Definition 1.2 General 1.3 Scope 1.3.1 Major Goal 1.4 Research Methodology 1.5 Target Audience
2.0 IoT/M2M Communications Specifics 2.1 General 2.2 Environment 2.3 Current Situation 2.4 Requirements 2.5 Spectrum Requirements 2.6 Statistics 2.7 Summary
3.0 IoT Communications Standardization 3.1 Weightless Technologies - LPWAN 3.1.1 Weightless SIG 3.1.1.1 Common Features 3.1.1.2 Weightless-W 3.1.1.2.1 White Spaces Communications - Principles 3.1.1.2.2 Definition 3.1.1.2.3 Rational 3.1.1.2.4 Ecosystem and Use Cases 3.1.1.2.5 Weightless-W Details 3.1.1.3 Changes 3.1.1.4 Weightless-N (UNB) 3.1.1.4.1 General 3.1.1.4.2 Open Standard 3.1.1.4.3 Nwave 3.1.1.4.4 First Deployments 3.1.1.4.5 Summary 3.1.1.5 Weightless-P (NB) 3.1.1.5.1 General 3.1.1.5.2 Details 3.1.1.5.3 M2COMM 3.1.2 Comparison of Weightless Technologies 3.2 IEEE 3.2.1 802.11ah (Wi-Fi HaLow) 3.2.1.1 General 3.2.1.2 Goal and Schedule 3.2.1.3 Attributes 3.2.1.4 Use Cases 3.2.1.5 PHY Layer 3.2.1.5.1 Bandwidth 3.2.1.5.2 Channelization 3.2.1.5.3 Transmission Modes and MIMO 3.2.1.5.3.1 Relay Mode 3.2.1.6 MAC Layer 3.2.1.7 Summary 3.2.1.8 Industry Aviacomm/Newracom Orca Aegis-IP 3.2.2 P2413 3.3 ETSI 3.3.1 Contributions 3.3.2 Low Throughput Network 3.3.2.1 Weightless and ETSI 3.4 ITU 3.4.1 SG 20 3.5 oneM2M 3.6 ISO/IES 3.7 3GPP and IoT Communications 3.7.1 3GPP Position 3.7.2 IoT Requirements and LTE 3.7.3 3GPP LTE Rel. 12 Enhancement and IoT Communications 3.7.4 3GPP LTE Rel. 13 Enhancement and IoT Communications 3.7.5 Further Enhancements 3.7.6 Summary of LTE/IoT Features 3.7.7 NB-IoT Standardized 3.7.7.1 Scope 3.7.7.1.1 Scalable LTE IoT Platform 3.7.8 Industry Altair (acquired by Sony in 2016) Aeris Ericsson Gemalto Kore Telematics Mistbase Orca Sequans Qualcomm u-blox WNC 3.7.9 Summary 3.8 LoRa 3.8.1 Alliance 3.8.1.1 Open Protocol 3.8.2 Technology Basics 3.8.2.1 Protocol 3.8.2.2 Modulation 3.8.2.3 Long Range 3.8.2.4 Applications 3.8.2.5 Architecture 3.8.2.6 Classes 3.8.2.7 LoRaWAN 3.8.2.8 Major Characteristics 3.8.3 Industry Actility Amiho Cisco Kerlink Link Labs LORIOT.io Microchip Technology MultiTech Murata Sagemcom Semtech STMicroelectronics Tektelic 3.8.4 Comparison 3.9 SigFox 3.9.1 Company 3.9.2 Technology 3.9.2.1 Details - Uplink 3.9.2.2 Details - Downlink 3.9.2.3 SmartLNB 3.9.3 Market 3.9.4 Use Cases 3.9.5 Industry Adeunis RF Innocomm Microchip On Semiconductor Telit 3.10 Thread 3.10.1 General: From Smart Home to Commercial Buildings 3.10.2 Protocol 3.10.3 Major Features 3.10.4 Specification Summary 3.10.5 Components 3.10.6 Industry CEL Digi NXP (Qualcomm) Silicon Labs 3.10.7 Comparison
4.0 IoT Communications Market 4.1 Statistics 4.2 Estimate 4.2.1 IoT/M2M Traffic Volume 4.2.2 IoT/M2M Communications Market 4.2.3 IoT Connections 4.2.4 IoT Telecom Services 4.2.5 Cellular IoT Subscribers
5.0 Conclusions Attachment I: 802.11ah - related Patents Survey (2015-2016) Figure 1: IoT Environment Figure 2: Projections: IoT/M2M Technologies and Applications Market ($Trillion) Figure 3: Projections: Number of Smart Devices in Smart Homes-Global (Bil.) Figure 4: Frequency Spectrum (sub-1 GHz) Figure 5: 802.11ah - Channelization Plan in U.S. Figure 6: ETSI Activity - IoT/M2M Figure 7: Use Cases Figure 8: Time Schedule Figure 9: Evolution of LTE IoT Communications Figure 10: Cellular-based IoT Technologies Figure 11: LoRa Protocol Architecture Figure 12: Architecture Figure 13: Battery Lifetime Figure 14: Uplink Frame Format Figure 15: Downlink Frame Format Figure 16: Thread Protocol Stack and Related Standards Figure 17: Thread Protocol Major Features Figure 18: M2M Applications Figure 19: Projections: IoT/M2M Traffic Volume (PB/Month) Figure 20: TAM: IoT/M2M Communications ($B) Figure 21: Estimate: Number of IoT Connections (Bil.) Figure 22: TAM: IoT Telecom Services - Global ($B) Figure 23: Estimate: Number of Cellular IoT Subscribers (Bil.) Table 1: Iceni Characteristics Table 2: Weightless Technologies Comparison Table 3: Transmission Characteristics - 802.11ah Table 4: 802.11ah Features Summary Table 5: CAT-0 and CAT-1 Characteristics Table 6: Modem Complexity Table 7: 3GPP IoT Communications Technologies Characteristics Table 8: Classes Table 9: Regional Differences Table 10: Major IoT Communications Technologies Comparison Table 11: Features - SigFox
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